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Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
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Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
Modern agriculture faces pressure to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers while
maintaining crop productivity and soil health. Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, while
effective, contribute significantly to environmental degradation through greenhouse
gas emissions, water pollution, and soil acidification. The agricultural sector accounts
for approximately 78% of global ammonia emissions and contributes substantially to
nitrous oxide production, a potent greenhouse gas. Simultaneously, synthetic fertilizer
production requires enormous energy inputs and depletes finite fossil fuel resources.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria have emerged as a revolutionary biotechnological solution
that addresses these environmental concerns while enhancing crop yields and soil
fertility in organic farming systems.